Archaeology is the scientific study of past human culture and behaviour through the examination of material remains of previous human societies. The search for the past is the search for ourselves. These remains include the human bones, floral faunal and food remains, ruins of buildings, and artifacts such as house hold objects, metal ware, personal jewelry, gem and jewels, coins and icons, etc. such relies of ancient man are studied by the archaeologist through field surveys and excavations, and museum collections as well as through laboratory analysis to reconstruct the past ways of life. In addition to class room the archaeological studies involves a lot of field work, exploration and excavations, repeated museum visits, preservation and restoration of heritage properties.

The Goals of Archaeology

Modern archaeological studies have three major goals:

a. Chronology
It establishes the age of the excavated material by fixing absolute doting of objects and culture and comparative dating by comparing similar other objects and culture.

b. Reconstruction
Reconstructions are models of what past human campsites, settlement or cities and their environment might have looked like, and how they might have functional.

c. Explanation
Explanations are scientific theories about what people living in the past thought and did.

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