1. Importance of Labour Economics

Introduction: Industrialization and Emergence of Labour Economics. Tools to Analyze Labour Markets and Conditions. Overview of Labour Issues in Developing and Developed World.



2. Labour Markets Analysis: Demand for Labour

Labour Market Indicators, Demand for Labour, Decision Making and Labour Hiring. Labour Migration: Reasons and Impacts. Demand for Labour by Firms, Short-Run and Long-Run Demand for Labour, Industry and Market Demand.



3. Labour Market: Supply of Labour and Wages

Determinants of Labour Supply. Concepts of Human Capital, Human Capital, Productivity and Wages. The Determinants, Labour Force Participation. Supply of Labour and Household Productions. Labour – Skill, Training and Productivity. The Dual Labour Market Theory. Labour Unions and Wages. Supply and Demand for Labour and Wage Determination. Backward bending Supply Curve of Labour.



4. Wages, Unemployment and Inflation

Determinants of Wages, Market Determination of Wages and Marginal Productivity, High Wages and Involuntary Unemployment. Stagflation and Unemployment, Structural Adjustment and Wages. Major Sources of Unemployment, Wages and Phillip Curve. Wage Rigidity, Labour Unions and Unemployment. Unemployment and Social Protection.



5. Labour Market Discrimination

Discrimination in Labour Market: Gender, Race and Ethnicity. Efficiency Wage Theories and Coordination Failure.



6. Labour Market Information System

Labour Market Information System and Efficiency, Labour Statistics and Labour Policy. Human Welfare and Labour Policy, Minimum Wages, Rationale and Impacts.



7. Theories of Labour Movements

The Marxist, The Wells, Selling and Pearlman’s contributions. Trade Unions in Pakistan, Labour Legislation in Pakistan. Impacts of Labour Union. Labour Policies in Pakistan: Critical Evaluation.



8.Child Labour

Definition and extent of child labour. Child labour; moral aspects. Child labour an international issue: Extent of Child labour in developing countries. Child labour in Pakistan. Policies to combat child labour. Child labour and international trade issue.