Main Page > MS (Physics) 2-Years Program (Regular) > FUNDAMENTAL LASER PHYSICS
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FUNDAMENTAL LASER PHYSICS
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Introduction: Basic concepts, Spontaneous emission, Population Inversion, Stimulated Emission, Pumping Schemes of Lasers, Characteristics of Laser Radiation, Collimation, Monochromatic, Spectral Brightness, Coherence, Evaluation of focused Laser Beam Diameter and Fluence. Energy levels and radiative properties: Energy Levels, Molecular Energy Levels & Spectra, Three and four level Lasers Systems, Energy Levels in gases, Solids and dielectric Laser Media, the Einstein relation, rate equation and criteria of lasing, Rate equation analysis, Laser Resonators: Laser amplifier, Resonance, Stable Resonators, Unstable Resonators Pumping process: types of pumping, optical pumping, laser pumping, chemical pumping, gas dynamic pumping, electrical pumping, pumping efficiency, physical characteristics of discharges. Line broadening mechanisms and laser modes: Feedback mechanism, types of optical cavities, Febry Perot resonator, Line broadening Mechanisms, Longitudinal Laser Cavity Modes, Transverse Cavity Modes, Properties and Detection of Lasers Modes, stability condition, unstable optical cavities, advantages of unstable resonators, hole burning, active medium gain with lasing and without hole burning. Techniques for Laser pulse shortening: Q-Switching, Mode Locking, Pulse Compression, Advantages of Femtosecond and Attosecond Laser Pulses over Nanosecond Laser Pulses Important laser systems: The structure, excitation mechanism and applications of solid state lasers (Nd:YAG laser system), The structure, excitation mechanism and applications of Gas Lasers (Helium-Neon lasers, Carbon dioxide lasers, Nitrogen Laser, Excimer Laser System), The Structure, excitation mechanism and applications of Femtosecond Lasers (Ti: Sapphire Laser system) Applications of Lasers: Laser interaction with tissue, effect on tissue, laser eye treatment, laser in material processing like cutting, welding, drilling, marking and scribing, laser range Finder, laser ablation and deposition, laser target interacion, sputtering, influence of laser parameters, splashing, nanosecond and femtosecod laser ablation, pulsed laser deposition film condensation and different growth processes. |
| Credit hours/ Marks:- 3 |
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