Estb. 1882

University of the Punjab

Introduction to Philosophy

This is an introductory course for the general understanding of Philosophy as a distinct discipline. The course contents include possible definitions of “philosophy,” major branches, and sub-branches of Philosophy.
Course Objectives
1. The student will be exposed to traditional philosophy, emphasizing how these systems approach and attempt to solve the problems confronting human existence.
2. This course will take a thematic approach; questions explored may include: What is reality? What is knowledge? Is human nature good, bad, or neutral?
3. The course is specially designed to help students progress toward the learning goals of logic, reasoning, and fallacies in an argument with a particular focus on ethics and metaphysics and what role philosophy has in the contemporary world.

Learning Outcomes
Studying this course will enable students to:
1. Understand the nature of philosophy and how it is different from other fields of knowledge.
2. Know about major traditional divisions of Philosophy
3. Define the relationships of philosophy to religion and to science
4. Examine and defend their core values and beliefs.
5. Understand the difference between valid and invalid arguments.
6. Role of aesthetics in human thinking
7. Understand Western and Muslim debates on various important topics of epistemology, ethics and metaphysics.
8. Understand the importance of philosophy in the contemporary world.

Course Contents
• What is the nature and scope of philosophy?
 What is philosophy?
 The value of philosophy
• The traditional division of philosophy
• Ethics
 Cultural Relativism
 Ethical Egoism
 Utilitarianism
 Are there Absolute Moral Rules
 Virtue Ethics
• Logic
 What is an argument?
 Proposition
 Premise/premises
 Conclusion
• Difference between argument and non-argument
 Critical Thinking
 Controversy and Disagreements
• Informal Fallacies
 Fallacies of Ambiguity
 Fallacies of Presumption
 Fallacies of Relevance
• Aesthetics
 Aesthetic Experience
 What is Art?
 Representation
 Imitation
 Expression
• Epistemology
 Difference between Knowledge and Opinion
 Sources of Knowledge
 Rationalism
 Empiricism
• Metaphysics
 Why Metaphysics?
 Mind- Body Problem
 Freedom and Determinism
• Philosophy and contemporary world
 Philosophy of Mind
 Political Philosophy
 Philosophy of Science
Credit hours/ Marks:- 3

Reference Books

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